flag (battle flag); white silk square with red “rising sun” in center; covered with signatures in black ink; 2 corners reinforced with gold-colored paper (very worn); soiled, damaged and stained; battle flag “taken from Japanese soldier of the 18th Division in the Hukawng Valley, Burma March 1944.” According to Mary and Ralph Hays the flag would hav had two weighted corners. See 9-18717, 18719. Professor Mandelbaum served in World War II in 1943-45 in the O.S.S in the India/Burma “theater of war.” The O.S.S. (Office of Strategic Services) was the predecessor to the C.I.A.